Sub-technique of T1048 Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol.View on attack.mitre.org
Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an asymmetrically encrypted network protocol other than that of the existing command and control channel. The data may also be sent to an alternate network location from the main command and control server.
Asymmetric encryption algorithms are those that use different keys on each end of the channel. Also known as public-key cryptography, this requires pairs of cryptographic keys that can encrypt/decrypt data from the corresponding key. Each end of the communication channels requires a private key (only in the procession of that entity) and the public key of the other entity. The public keys of each entity are exchanged before encrypted communications begin.
Network protocols that use asymmetric encryption (such as HTTPS/TLS/SSL) often utilize symmetric encryption once keys are exchanged. Adversaries may opt to use these encrypted mechanisms that are baked into a protocol.
Rules on DetectionCode tagged with T1048.002.
| Used by | Procedure example |
|---|---|
| GroupAPT28 | APT28 has exfiltrated archives of collected data previously staged on a target's OWA server via HTTPS. |
| GroupCURIUM | CURIUM has used SMTPS to exfiltrate collected data from victims. |
| GroupMirrorFace | MirrorFace has used Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) for file exfiltration. |
| GroupStorm-1811 | Storm-1811 has exfiltrated captured user credentials via Secure Copy Protocol (SCP). |
| Used by | Procedure example |
|---|---|
| MalwareBRUSHFIRE | BRUSHFIRE has the ability to exfiltrate data on-demand through executing commands obtained via monitoring for specially crafted packets and sending output back in an embedded SSL response. |
| MalwareIcedID | IcedID has exfiltrated collected data via HTTPS. |
| ToolRclone | Rclone can exfiltrate data over SFTP or HTTPS via WebDAV. |
| Used by | Procedure example |
|---|---|
| CampaignSolarWinds Compromise | During the SolarWinds Compromise, APT29 exfiltrated collected data over a simple HTTPS request to a password-protected archive staged on a victim's OWA servers. |
Data from MITRE ATT&CK® (Enterprise). ATT&CK® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.
