Sub-technique of T1550 Use Alternate Authentication Material.View on attack.mitre.org
Adversaries may “pass the ticket” using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.
When preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for Valid Accounts are captured by OS Credential Dumping. A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.
A Silver Ticket can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).
A Golden Ticket can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.
Adversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys. For example, "overpassing the hash" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. Pass the Hash) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.
Rules on DetectionCode tagged with T1550.003.
| Rule | Level | Log source |
|---|---|---|
| HackTool - Rubeus Execution | critical | windows / process_creation |
| HackTool - KrbRelayUp Execution | high | windows / process_creation |
| HackTool - Rubeus Execution - ScriptBlock | high | windows / ps_script |
| Uncommon Outbound Kerberos Connection | medium | windows / network_connection |
| Rule | Type | Risk | Data source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mimikatz PassTheTicket CommandLine Parameters | TTP | NULL | Sysmon EventID 1, Windows Event Log Security 4688, CrowdStrike ProcessRollup2 |
| Rubeus Command Line Parameters | TTP | NULL | Sysmon EventID 1, Windows Event Log Security 4688, CrowdStrike ProcessRollup2 |
| Rubeus Kerberos Ticket Exports Through Winlogon Access | TTP | NULL | Sysmon EventID 10 |
| Windows Process With NetExec Command Line Parameters | TTP | NULL | Windows Event Log Security 4688, Sysmon EventID 1, CrowdStrike ProcessRollup2 |
None recorded.
| Used by | Procedure example |
|---|---|
| GroupAPT29 | APT29 used Kerberos ticket attacks for lateral movement. |
| GroupAPT32 | APT32 successfully gained remote access by using pass the ticket. |
| GroupBRONZE BUTLER | BRONZE BUTLER has created forged Kerberos Ticket Granting Ticket (TGT) and Ticket Granting Service (TGS) tickets to maintain administrative access. |
| Used by | Procedure example |
|---|---|
| ToolMimikatz | Mimikatz’s |
| ToolPupy | Pupy can also perform pass-the-ticket. |
| MalwareSeaDuke | Some SeaDuke samples have a module to use pass the ticket with Kerberos for authentication. |
Data from MITRE ATT&CK® (Enterprise). ATT&CK® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.
