HIUPAN

S1230

Malware.View on attack.mitre.org

About this malware

HIUPAN (aka U2DiskWatch) is a is a worm that propagates through removable drives known to be leveraged by Mustang Panda and was first observed utilized in 2024.

Techniques used9

Procedure examples9

TechniqueProcedure example
T1057
Process Discovery

HIUPAN has conducted process discovery to identify the PUBLOAD malware under the process WCBrowserWatcher.exe and will launch it from an install directory if it is not found.

T1091
Replication Through Removable Media

HIUPAN has periodically checked for removable and hot-plugged drives connected to the infected machine, should one be found HIUPAN will propagate to the removeable drives by copying itself and accompanying malware components to a directory to the new drive in a hidden subdirectory `<Drive_Letter>:\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\` and hides any other existing files to ensure UsbConfig.exe is the only visible file on the device.

T1112
Modify Registry

HIUPAN has modified registry keys to ensure hidden files and extensions are not visible through the modification of `HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced`.

T1120
Peripheral Device Discovery

HIUPAN has checked periodically for removable drives and installs itself when a drive is detected.

T1204.002
Malicious File

HIUPAN has lured victims into executing malicious files from USBs including the use of files such as USBconfig.exe.

T1547.001
Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

HIUPAN has added Registry Run keys to achieve persistence using `HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run`.

T1564.001
Hidden Files and Directories

HIUPAN has modified registry keys to ensure hidden files and extensions are not visible through the modification of `HKCU\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced`.

T1574.001
DLL

HIUPAN has abused legitimate executables to side-load malicious DLLs to include the legitimate exe UsbConfig.exe.

T1678
Delay Execution

HIUPAN has used a config file “$.ini” to store a sleep multiplier to execute at a set interval value prior to initiating a watcher function that checks for a specific running process, that checks for removable drives and installs itself and supporting files if one is available.

Groups that use it1

Campaigns0

None recorded.

References2

  1. 2025_IBM_PUBLOAD_TONESHELL_HIUPAN_CLAIMLOADER_MUSTANG PANDA Open source
    Golo Muhr, Joshua Chung. (2025, May 15). Hive0154 targeting US, Philippines, Pakistan and Taiwan in suspected espionage campaign. Retrieved August 4, 2025.
  2. Trend Micro MUSTANG PANDA PUBLOAD HIUPAN SEPTEMBER 2024 Open source
    Lenart Bermejo, Sunny Lu, Ted Lee. (2024, September 9). Earth Preta Evolves its Attacks with New Malware and Strategies. Retrieved August 4, 2025.

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